by Maungdaw Township Communal Leaders
0.0.1 Preface
This report is written and submitted analyzing the current communal clashes in north western Myanmar. Our objectives are:
1) To identify the ultimate aims of terrorists who set fire the communal clashes,
2) To point out preventive activities for the future, and
3) To establish communal collaborative scheme for sustainable secure conditions.
0.0.2 Current Causes
The
clashes inside Rakhine State, rooting on a murder of a national woman
by a group of young Muslims in Yambyae Township, are the current causes
affecting sovereignty of State. The occurrence in Yambyae, however, came
to surface as a criminal law breaking, case. In reality, there are
several causes behind the scene through years.
0.0.3 Causes in Reality
There had been four similar causes occurred in the past in Maungdaw as follow:
1) Muslim –Rakhine clashes occurred in 1942,
2) Attempt to homicide in township scale, putting on the mask of democracy on 13th May, 1988,
3) Attack with 12 bombs in Maungdaw on 24th April, 1994, and
4) Attempt to homicide in township scale on 8th June, 2012.
Behind
the scene of all four above mentioned occurrences, it had been obvious
the attempt in timely conspiracy of (i) Muslim terrorists, and (ii) the
local under-ground followers of the terrorists under the rule of law or
outside law.
0.3.1 Muslim-Rakhine Clashes (1942)
The
main cause of all that led to those clashes was the permission of
British colonial governors who let Chittagong Bengalis enter into
Rakhine State with no investigation, because of promoting agronomics.
The conditions were clearly recorded in the post-clashes investigation
commission report then. By the time British departure, and Japanese
incursion, the local Rakhine residents had to flee in township scale
under the anarchic conditions. There were causalities and death in most
of the 140 villages under the British reign. Akyab District Gazetteer
Vol.b was ruled by a peace committee formed with Bengalis. The peace
committee is said to manipulate a portion of sovereignty without any
concern. In legal term, it was defiance to sovereignty. The peace
committee then turned into a Mujahidin insurgence organization. They organized as a peace committee on their own without recognizing another one formed by Burma Independent Army (BIA). On 8th
June, 1942, about 30 soldiers under the command of Lieutenant Yan
Aung's Rakhine State operation of BIA were assassinated by the
Bengali-formed peace committee during the process of peace talks. The
assassination took place near Maungdaw Kanyindan (now a mosque near the
state high school campus) according to "Life in the
Commune"(bone-bawa-hmar-phyint) by Thakhin Tin Mya.
0.3.2 Homicide Attempt in Township Scale, Pretending Democracy on 13th May, 1988
The
clash was supervised by neighboring country-based RSO insurgent group
and executed by local underground followers. Above 50,000 Muslim
terrorists entered into the town area by different routes to set fire,
rob and/or murder. Since No.2 Battalion (4 Mile campsite) materialized
in time and helped to prevent. The groups were to flatten Rakhine
villages if Maungdaw was scanned under fire. Their aim was to fill
Maungdaw and Buthitaung Townships will full population of Muslims, and
to inaugurate a Muslim State. That was a ruthless conspiracy to force
immigration of 250,000 Bengali as soon as the raid got successful, and
to combine as a portion of Bangladesh (according to the submission by
Maungdaw Sanghà Nāyaka, dated 28th September, 1988).
The clashes were wrongly and arrogantly termed as a very debut of pro-democracy movement in Myanmar by Dr. Htun Aung (@ Abdullah) in a public talk held in Kanyindan High School Campus-playground on 6th
September, 1988. It was Dr. Htun Aung's claim befor public that their
conspiracy, to eliminate Rakhine people in the township, as a pro
democracy. The condition was recorded by Bengali insurgents (RSO) from
abroad including Dr Unos and AFK Jilani. (The Rohingyas of Arakan, Page-327)
0.3.3 Attack with 12 Bombs in Maungdaw on 24th April, 1994
On the 24th
April, 1994, nine bombs were exploded every fifteen minutes during
11:00 PM and 2:30 AM next morning throughout the town. The residents in
the town were at chaos condition for security. The Bombing spots were 1)
Fire Engine, 2) Thiri Mingalar Hall, 3) Emergency Power Generator for
the town, 4) Office of Head of Fishery Department, 5) No.6 Basic
Education Primary School in No.1 Quarter, 6) Township General Hospital
Staffs' Housing, 7) Township Police Office, 8) Accountant Office, and 9)
Municipal Office; except 1) Basic Education High School, 2) Prisons
Department Officer's House and 3) Maha Bandhoola Statue in the Park,
where the bombs were set, but not exploded. It was found in the records
that the mastermind of the bomb attack, and that of the 8th June, 2012 clashes too, is AFK Jilani, who fled into neighboring country as the concerning bodies traces him.
0.3.4 Attempt to homicide in township scale on 8th June, 2012
A
group of young Muslims, provoked in the religious praying assembly
inside mosques, marched shouting "Jihad, jihad. Bangladesh Jainabad",
and tried to kill Rakhine people, fire the houses, and destroyed the
properties creating chaos condition after the case in Taungup.
The condition occurred such simultaneously in the town and outskirt
area that it is obvious a secretly planned one. Their plan also was a
subsequent movement of their previous attempts. It happened to give them
chance to launch their actions again. Although the clashes in Taungup
and Yanbyae seemed suddenly appeared, those are part of the result of
abroad trained Burma Campaign program. Thus the current crisis is not
only a one between Muslims and Rakhines, but a challenge to the
sovereignty of Myanmar. Therefore it correlates to the whole Myanmar
nationalities, and become a national call.
0.4.0 Underground Movements
0.4.1 Alae Thankyaw Conference
Here,
the term "underground movements" means the movements by Chittagong
Bengalis under or outside the rule of law. Under the rule of law, it
includes the attempts by members of parliaments, and social and
religious groups to win the proposal of designing Butheetaung, Maungdaw,
and Yathaetaung Townships as an autonomous region; an exemplary case is
"Charter of the Constitutional Demands of the Arakani Muslims", of
which Alae Thankyaw Conference in southern Maungdaw Township, held in
June 1951, called for fourteen issues including (1) recognizing a Muslim
region in the northern Rakhine State just like Shan State, and Karen
State and establishing Provincial Armies, Police Forces, and Security
forces, (2) assigning a Muslim Minister who will represent the Northern
Muslim State in the federal government, (3) pledging employment of
Muslim a proper portion in permanent military forces, temporary military
forces, police forces, educational offices, judiciary offices and in
the central government agencies, (4) permission to open Islamic schools
and universities where Arabic literature and Islamic culture will be
taught, Urdu language will be facilitating language from primary level
to secondary level education, but no other literature and language will
not be taught by force without their consent.
Moreover,
Abdul Gafa, Member of Parliament representing Butheetaung Township and
Tahi Ba Thar wrote a few deceiving articles that show Bengalis in
Myanmar are Myanmar citizens, called Rohingyas. Muslim elites who named
themselves as Rohingyas set off to different places in Maungdaw and
Butheetaung Townships, lobbying Muslim people to use the racial term as
Rakhine Muslim or Rohingya instead of Bengali. (Influx Viruses: The
Illegal Muslims in Arakan by U Shwe Zan, published by Arakanese in
United States, 2005, P-47) They enforced the people to ask filling the
term Rakhine Muslims or Rohingya. That was an incident they pushed the
people to invent a new ethnicity taking the opportunity of high share of
demography in those two townships. At the same time, organizations and
social groups for Rohingya were formed. Rohingya Solidarity Organization
(established in 1956) and Rohingya Youth Association had branches in
Butheetaung and Maungdaw Townships. In 1960, groups with the names of
Rohingya Students Association, Rohingya Labor Association, Rohingya
University Students Association, and Rohingya Jamiad Al Umar were
formed. Those groups became the resources for further movements. There
are armed insurgent groups, sprouted from those groups were:
1) Rohingya Solidarity Organization (RSO)
2) Arakan Rohingya National Organization (ARNO)
3) Rohingya Patriotic Front (RPF)
4) Arakan Rohingya Islamic Front (ARIF)
5) Rohingya Liberation Organization (RLO).
Those groups go against not only governments in Myanmar through time, but also the community through generations.
0.4.3 A Statement by ARNO
"The
rule of military junta is always trying to uproot the reality of
Muslims in Rakhine State. By means of overhauling Muslim historical
articles, wiping out all the Muslim culture with ancient remains,
mosques, Madrassa religious schools, monuments and burial places. The
government's effort is to cleanse our religious and nationality." It was
as written in Article 8 (Page-17) of Manifesto of Arakan Rohingya
National Organization (ARNO).
0.4.4 Establishing a New Muslim Country Out of Myanmar Sovereignty
The
Chittagong Bengali Muslims were trying to combine Maungdaw and
Butheetaung Townships to East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) since
pre-independence of Myanmar. While the Chittagong Muslims were trying to
form a state, the Muslims in India insisted British government to found
a separate Muslim country i.e. Pakistan. The movement to build a
separate Muslim country had impacts on Maungdaw and Butheetaung
townships. The condition of high share of Muslims in those two
township's demography leads to combine to Pakistan in its founding
condition. Muslim elites from Maungdaw performed for that cause
secretly. Since Rakhine leaders detected the condition, it was reported
to General Aung San. At that time, General Aung San is preparing to
visit London, concerning independence of Myanmar, along with the
invitation of British Prime Minister Atlee. U Kyaw Hla Oo, a president
of AFPLO (Minpya Township), recorded, "A group of Muslims in Maungdaw
have close relation with those in Bangladesh. The plan to combine
Maungdaw and Butheetaung townships to forthcoming independence of
Pakistan was informed to General Aung San. In his way to London, General
Aung San went to see Mr. Jinnah in Karachi, and discussed the case. Mr
Jinnah made a response announcing that Pakistan will never try to hold
any part of Myanmar, and will be a good neighbor to Myanmar". (Arakan:
As She is Known and Discovered by Kyaw Hla Oo, unpublished typographic
copy) According to the personal experience, it is clear that Muslim
elites in Maungdaw tried to combine Maungdaw and Butheetaung Townships
into East Pakistan before the independence of Myanmar.
Moshe
Yegar, a researcher, recorded that Mr. Jinnah pledged General Aung San
that he will not support the idea of Muslims in Maungdaw, as follow:
"Muslims
hoped to detach Maungdaw from Myanmar. Their idea was to found a
separate Muslim country or to combine Pakistan on the land between
Kaladan River and Mayu River. Such an idea was presented to Mr Jinnah in
May, 1946. They asked for the support from Pakistan for their purpose.
Two months later, Northern Rakhine Muslim League was formed in Sittwe.
The league also call for the same idea. But Mr. Jinnah guaranteed
General Aung San that he will not go for it." (The Muslims of Burma by
Moshe Yegar, Page- 86-87)
0.4.5 Jihad by Mujahid
While
Muslim elites under the rule of law performed as shown secretly,
Mujahids from Chittagong, who were out of the rule of law, called for a
religious war (Jihad) to Myanmar. Insurgence of Mujahids has been since
before the independence of Myanmar. That was the embryo of Maungdaw
based Jamia Tul Ulema. (It originally was Peace Committee, but when the
Japanese Fascist Government dissolved Peace Committee, it was
reorganized as Jamia Tul Ulema.)
In
Butheetaung and Maungdaw townships, Mujahidin disturbed in resettling
the war refugees in various ways. They drove out the residential Rakhine
people by force. So the driven Rakhine people from Butheetaung Township
moved to townships in southern Rakhine as internally displaced persons
(IDP). Likewise, Rakhines from Maungdaw Township had to flee into
Dinajpur, east Bangladesh. After Second World War (WWII), those
displaced persons were not able to go back to their native places
because of the fear from Mujahidin.
"This
happened due to the shootings with machine guns by Muslims near the
village." (Report submitted to Rakhine State Commissioner, dated 18th
April, 1947) In August, 1947, Maungdaw District Deputy Officer U Tun Oo
was murdered cruelly by Muslims. It was recorded by Rakhine State
Commissioner, "I have no doubt that this is a consequence of prejudice
of a group of people who were provoked to a measure of time. I have
seriously suspected that the murderers were directed by Muslim police
officers. The murderers held strong and radical Muslim ideologies, and
influenced the whole region. The incidents are a kind of challenge
bluntly to the officials of Myanmar government by Muslims in Butheetaung
and Maungdaw Townships. Those Muslims were supported to immigrate
during British rule for the sake of the economy of the country. If those
disregards were not decisively controlled, those foreigners will either
try to combine Butheetaung and Maungdaw Townships to Pakistan or lobby
Pakistan to do so." (Rakhine State Commissioner's Monthly Report
(August) dated 13th September, 1947)
There
was an irony of Government of the Republic of Myanmar as Yangon
Government after the independence in 1948. At that time, the government
could send just not more than 200 soldiers from No.5 Battalion to
suppress the Mujahids. Although Butheetaung and Maungdaw Townships were
under control of the forces sent by government, the outskirt areas were
controlled by Mujahidin insurgence. Concerning to the aims of Mujahids,
British Embassy in Yangon reported to Foreign Affair office in London,
dating 12th February, 1949, as follow:
"It
is hard to say the ultimate aim of Mujahid is whether or not to let the
region under federation. However, if it were a federal state in
Myanmar, it will tend to combine to Pakistan. Mujahids are believed to
be equipped since last October. Some of them predicted the aimed will be
achieved not by arm struggle, but even by lobbying. The Mujahid Force
may have 500 in number. The number supporting the force may be even much
more than that." (Letter Sent to Foreign Affair Office in London from
British Embassy (Yangon), dated 12th February 1949.)
In a report, there expressed the details of arrival of Prime Minister U Nu and General Smith Dun
to Sittwe in October, 1948. The arrival shows that there were
trans-border supports including information and aids to insurgents. What
definitely inquired were: Mujahid insurgent leaders Jaffar Meah and
Omra Meah hided in Bathkhali, a village on borderline with Pakistan;
Deputy District Officer and Township Officer of Cox's Bazaar supported
the insurgents with weapons and equipments, and let healing the wounded
insurgents in the Hospital of Cox's Bazaar. (Chittagong Mountain Region
Deputy Commissioner's Report, dated 7th February, 1949.)
On 28th
February, 1949, British Embassy in Yangon sent a confidential letter to
High Commissioner of UK in Pakistan. The letter described about the
potentials of provocations and annoyances to Myanmar by local Pakistani
officials as follow:
"Although
Pakistan central government has the right attitude, we gather the
information that local officers (especially in Cox's Bazaar) actively
support Muslim insurgents. It is understood that High Commissioner can
see the Pakistani district officers support insurgents. Government of
Pakistan also understands in the same way. If the deeds of the officers
were not controlled and stopped, it will proceed to anti-Muslim clashes
in Sittwe district. Hence, the clashes will be unpleasant as the clashes
during second world war (WWII)." (Chittagong Mountain Region Deputy
Commissioner's Report, dated 7th February, 1949.) The
financial source for Mujahid party was illegal rice trafficking from
Rakhine to East Pakistan. As Myanmar government banned rice trafficking,
Mujahid had a strategy to break outlaw. Rice trafficking is one of
their strategies. In the trafficking process, there includes two Muslim
leaders, Sultan Ahmed and Omra Meah. (Ibid)
The
main objective of Mujahid insurgence was to combine western Myanmar
region into East Pakistan. The deed by Mujahids was reported in The
Hindustan Standard paper, issued on 18th May, 1949, as follow:
"The
dangerous tendency of this attack takes aspect to international
concern. Muslim insurgents hold Pakistan flag. They claimed to combine
western Rakhine State into Pakistan. The weapons were suspected to be
carried through border. A great deal of Muslims here means Pakistan
citizen from Chittagong. Though they descended from a generation ago,
800,000 out of 1,300,000 are holding Pakistan nationality." (This
reportage was attached as a newspaper scrap, to Decca Vice
Commissioner's Report (No#21), dating 28th May, 1949.)
"The
guerilla attacks of Muslim is not to rebel Myanmar government, but to
provoke Rakhine by means of mob. It was since the Buddhist-Muslim clash
(or Muslim-Rakhine clash). The Muslims whose origin was from Chittagong,
now under the rule of Pakistan, is afraid of bullying by Rakhine
people. On the other hand, Rakhine people not more than a million in
population are afraid of the bombing population of Chittagongs to
swallow their ethnicity." (Chittagong Mountain Region Deputy
Commissioner's Report, dated 7th February, 1949.)
Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Foreign Minister of Pakistan came to Myanmar in 18th-21st January, 1964, and made an announcement. There expressed:
“There
are 400,000 Muslim people settle in Rakhine State, which is neighboring
East Pakistan. They settled there for generations. However they are
obvious to know as Pakistan origin. Frequently, the Pakistanis illegally
immigrated into Rakhine State, and mixed up with the people settled
before. Local Myanmar authorities handle very brutally in investigating
these illegal migrants. For Pakistan Government, it should not be done
to those Rakhine Muslims to immigrate back into East Pakistan. East
Pakistan is not in a situation to support for the migrated refugees. Mr.
Bhutto urged Myanmar Government to amend the attitude on those people,
and is ready to solve the problem, in all measure, with respect to legal
immigration. Mr. Bhutto expressed Myanmar government is believed to
solve the Muslim problem with mercy, and Pakistan pledges to collaborate
in all possible measure, applying good neighbor relationship.”
(Discussion of Myanmar Foreign Affair Minister U Thi Han and Pakistan
Foreign Minister Ali Bhutto, during his visit in 18th-21st January, 1964.)
“Mr.
Kaizar, UN Ambassador of Bangladesh, confessed that there are over half
a million migrants illegally settling in Rakhine State; Myanmar
Government has the right to expel them. However he appealed Myanmar
Government not to put pressure for Bangladesh is now in struggle.”
(National Museum (London), File No.15/2014-C 384097)
0.4.7 Analysis
According
to the mentioned evidences, especially the Diplomatic correspondence
records in London Museum, it is founded that most of the Muslim people
in Rakhine State were originally from Chittagong, and they were always
attempts to get autonomy as a Muslim State or to combine to East
Pakistan (now Bangladesh). When their plans were unsuccessful, they
approached to the local authorities to lobby or to achieve their goal in
any way. While U Nu served as a Prime Minister, they asked for
designing Mayu District and cleverly swayed from the governance and rule
of law. However Mujahidin insurgents went on underground trickily.
Muslim people and members of parliament were found obviously gripped
their major aim of erasing any Myanmar nationality in Mayu District.
All
four attempts undoubtedly indicate their aim of (1) fulfilling full
percentage Muslim population with full autonomy from west bank of
Kaladan River to the east bank of Nat River, and (2) exclusion of the
region as a whole. In the fourth attempt occurred in Yanbyae and
Taungkok, demolishing the whole township is more than a clash between
Buddhists and Muslims, or Rakhine and Bengali; it actually is believed
to be a test to sovereignty. Only believing so can facilitate the
strategies further. If the depth, scope, and focus of the problem were
underestimated, the solution will not be in a proper manner, and the
problem would lead to consume more force. All four attempts described in
Section 0.0.3 takes the tendency of international concern as mentioned
in Section 0.4.6. It is:
(1) to genocide residential ethnic people (so called Kuffar or Infidel by them) wearing the mask of Human Rights,
(2) to
establish a separated region for 100% Muslim population if the genocide
is fully implemented and the local communal people fled from their
lands,
(3) to
establish the western Area of Kaladan River as a separated Muslim State
by highlighting weak governance in the region to take international
community’s interest, and by using the pressure of international
community, and
(4) to
create armed disputes and tensions with neighboring Bangladesh; and to
create opportunities for arm, financial and spiritual supports from
Muslim world and Muslim terrorist organizations (eg. Al Qaeda) and
interventions. (There were reportages which record the Muslim
terrorists’ stimulation claiming “Muslims face genocide”, “Revenge!”
targeting at Rakhines in Bangladesh, and to mess the situations up.)
(5) The head office of ARNO, a foreign based, and armed insurgentce group of Rohingya, is opened in No. 30, Jumakah
St, Jumakah Quarter, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Their military bases are
Zai Lar Saw Ri Head Quarter Camp Map Reference (PG-2916), Daw-Maw Sri
Camp Map Reference (PG-0537), and Kyar Laung Yaik Camp Map Reference.
Chief of ARNO is Nurul Islam, an exile from Rakhine State. Leaders of
ARNO were reported to attend the senior courses arranged by Osama bin
Laden and Al Qaeda. (according to 02 Rangoon 1301: Relation of Rhhingya
and Al Qaeda as said by Wikileaks, by James Mmt, posted online in 20th October, 2010, interpreting the record of American Embassy in Yangon)
(6) In
Rohingya Hoax, written by Maung Tha Hla, it said “Rohingyas, in fact
Mujahids persuading general public for the sake of separatist movements,
seriously claimed that they fought for political opportunity to
establish a separate, independent country in northwestern Myanmar and to
call for their citizenship. Behind those claims, it was just performing
for their benefit as if a international political concern”. ()Rohingya
Hoax by Maung Tha Hla, New York (2009), Page-67)
(7) On 14th
June, 2012, an announcement from Al Qaeda, a warning to Myanmar
government, was posted on Facebook pages. The issues stated in the
announcements were not a surprise, but there were many questions why Al
Qaeda needed to interrupt. It stated a challenge that ‘(Myanmar) is
warned to face endless series of war’. The announcement ended in such a
dare statement that ‘we (Al Qaeda) will not accept any explanation’,
signed by a Sunni Islam religious leader.
The
analyses mentioned above are made and summarized by the sufferings
communal peoples, and experiences shared on international media.
0.5.0 Conclusion
We all the communal people of diverse ethnic groups including Mro, Thet, Khami, Dinenet,
Rakhine, and Myanmar in Maungdaw, Butheedaung and Yathaedaund townships
were living our lives peacefully in the rules of changing Myanmar
governments up to present, but we obey laws and orders dictated for the
sake of our security entrusting to eternity. Under the rules of
different governments, we experienced difficulties, and will have to. On
northwestern borderline region, the majority in population of
Chittagong-origin Bengali Muslims took upper hand on us by bullying,
robbery, thefts, rape to our ladies, and murders similarly as slaughters
by means of inhumanly slicing the body organs, just like those under
the spell of a curse. (See more in Appendix.[3])
It means that we, the communal people are surviving not only on a range
of physical threats and insecurity, but also the trauma or
psychological anxiety and fears. Living on our motherland as scapegoats,
we long suffered the pressure exerted by intruders who are drugging us
down to hell. However, we hold the view of 'we will better survive until
a noble death'; gripping 'two noble things of nationality and
morality', and will remain steadfast with no complaint to the spirit of
unionism, taking the oath of no surrender to them. We vow to sacrifice
ourselves as a human-shield for the sake our union. We are ready to
protect our nationality, religion and union with spiritual strength.
Hereby,
we strongly recommend the State to take action, which will bring a
measure of help and support to the communal people, according to Article
20(e) of the Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.
0.5.1 Recommendations
(1)
To take systematic, precise and effective actions with more means than
ever to protect illegal immigration of Bengali Muslims,
(2)
To perform punishment along with enacted immigration law, acts and
schemes over legally migrated Bengali Muslims to prevent them from
further misdeeds,
(3) To make public of precise warning and announcements to so called Rohingya,
(4)
To relocate them in proper places such as remote archipelagos or
mountainous regions to stretch their population density out; or to
create enclosed area for them by maintaining walls, if necessary, in
remote areas from ethnic nationalities.
(5)
To make settlements for ethnic nationalities in new villages to reduce
the gap of comparative population densities in Maungdaw and Butheedaung
townships,
(6)
To enhance the sustainability and development of those newly formed
villages, offering incentives of livelihood, and educational and
economic needs as a government led scheme,
(7) To station troops protecting the communal people dwelling in those villages,
(8) or To form militia with communal people to protect borderline areas, under the organization of Tammadaw ,
(9) To enact laws to welcome, and to offer settlement to Buddhist refugees in Bangladesh,
(10)
To exercise law enforcement and effective punishments on corrupted
public servants in various levels of immigration departments,
(11)
To provide restrictions on the unmovable assets such as farms against
non-ethnic people, and to monitor the procedures every six months,
(12)
To scrutinize the nationality of all Muslims in Myanmar, whether they
hold a National Registration Identity Card or not, and to set a state
policy to send him/her to his/her country of origin or to a third
country if a non-citizen Muslim is found,
(13)
To exercise close supervision on INGO's including UNHCR branch office
with programs and projects favoring Muslims, opened in Butheedaung and
Maungdaw townships. (Firstly, it is because Peter Nicolaus, a Senior
Repatriation Officer in UNHCR, increased the tension of Muslim Problem
in Myanmar by writing a paper, titled unknown. Secondly, certain Muslim
leaders in Butheedaung and Maungdaw townships used devices of
telecommunication from UNHCR branch office and certain INGO's and they
communicate each other and to launch false information on international
media.)
(14)
To exercise law enforcement on Monogamy and One-Child policy to
Bengalis, which was already set by Borderline Immigration Monitoring
Department than ever, and to penalize or set exile for those who
violate,
(15)
To stop travel and settling of Bengalis in Rakhine State into other
areas of our country, and to take serious action on the government
officials who corrupted to let them do. (This must not contradict to
Recommendation No.4.)
(16)
To inform the party members of strong political parties such as Union
Solidarity and Development Party, and National League for Democracy
about the infiltration as Rohingya party members to meddle in domestic
politics in the meantime of Myanmar's emerging transition to democracy.
With Union Spirit,
On Behalf of communal people in Maungdaw Township
No
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Name
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NRC No.
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Address
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Signature
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Appendix: Brief Accounts on Violence and Terror
to Myanmar Citizens by Mujahidin insurgents and Muslim Mob
Maungdaw Township
Case #1
Occurred: 1956-57
Victim: U Maung Maung Oo (Age-50), No-1 Quarter, Maungdaw.
Account:
He was kidnapped by Mujahidin Qasim force. Nostril, outer-ear, and
genital organs were cut. Getting too ashamed to take public appearance,
he died of psychological disorder.
Case #2
Occurred: 1956-57
Victim: U Kyun Taung (Age-41), No-1 Quarter, Maungdaw.
Account:
Same as case#1, but he did not get serious in psychological disorder.
He then retired from his career in topography department. He died on the
6th year after released.
Case #3
Occurred: 17th June, 2002
Victims: U Htwe Aung Phyu Ma (Age-56), Daw Htwe Sein Ma (Age-22), and two children
Location: Gawduthara, Thaechaung village tract, Tharyargone Village, Maungdaw.
Account:
While Daw Htwe Sein Ma's husband was absent, she, her father, and two
small children were murdered by Muslims. U Htwe Aung Phyu Ma's neck was
cut off, and chest opened up. A mother with the conception of
5-month-embryo, Daw Htwe Sein Ma's breasts and head were cut off. Her
two small children were also killed by cutting the organs out, and head
off.
Case #4
Occurred: 11th August, 1996
Victim: U Kyaw Zan (Age-32)
Location: Kanyindan Quarter, Maungdaw.
Account:
He was a communal chief in No.4 Ward, in Maungdaw. He was murdered in
dining table while he was drunk by Muslims, by plugging his mouth and
pouring boiled water on his body.
Case #5
Occurred: 2005
Victim: U Maung Aye Che (Age-37)
Location: Kanyinchaung Village, Maungdaw.
Account:
The victim was a chief in Shwezar village tract. Murderers were
suspects for illegal trafficking of rice. A 6 inch nail was hammered
into the victim's head.
Case #6
Occurred: 27th March, 2006
Victim: U Maung Win Hlaing (Age-33), Pyarthar Village, Maungdaw.
Account: He was a chief of village. He was murdered after capture.
Case #7
Occurred: 2007
Victim: U Saw Thein (Age- 35), Aung Mingalar (na-ta-la) village, Maungdaw
Account:
A group of Muslims, pretending themselves as staffs from borderline
immigration monitoring unit, with weapon woke him up at 2:00 AM. When he
noticed that fact, he escaped jumping out of the window. He was a
communal chief too.
Case #8
Occurred: 2007
Victim: A boy (Mother- Daw Ma Thein Oo) (Age- 16)
Account:
He was murdered by Muslims while he was fishing in a creek near the
village. The murderers cut and throw away one of his leg. After
retracing the leg, the whole body found.
Case #9
Occurred: May, 2008
Victim: Anonymous Woman (Age- about 30), Thayekongbaung (na-ta-la) Village, Maungdaw
Account: Raped and murdered by Muslims in farm. The body was found naked and soaked with blood later.
Case #10
Occurred: 8th May, 2009
Victim: U Don Thar Aung (Age- 30), and Daw Nan Ma Sein (Age-23)
Location: Tharyargone Village, Maungdaw.
Account:
The couple took security for the farm. In late evening, the Muslims
appeared to harm and they escaped. The villagers help to catch, and 6
Muslims were handed over to borderline immigration monitoring unit.
Case #11
Occurred: 29th May, 2009
Victim: U Aung Htwee (Age- 35), Ywar Thar Yar Village, Maungdaw.
Account:
While tending his herd of oxen and cows, he was seized, tightened with
rope, his mouth plugged, and head cut off. The herd was taken by the
Muslims.
Case #12
Occurred: 19th June, 2009
Victim: Daw Aung Thar Nwe (Age- 43), Waitharli (na-ta-la) Village, Maungdaw
Account:
While she was plucking peanuts from her farm at 5:30 PM, she was
seized, her legs tied together with rope, and neck cut. Because her time
to return was due, the villager searched around and found her body.
Case #13
Occurred: 27th September, 2009
Victim: U Yin Maung (Age- 43), Ducheartan, Maungdaw
Account:
He was a communal chief. In his way return to home in late evening, he
was beaten by Muslims, and thrown in bushes. He got seriously hurt at
head, back, neck and arm. As soon as he got conscious, he returned to
home, and was sent to Sittwe General Hopsital from Maungdaw General
Hospital. His right fore-arm was crushed, and recovered by transplanting
a steel piece.
Case #14
Occurred: 13th September, 2009
Victim: U Maung Hla Kyaw (Age- 35), son of U Mae Maung, 4th Mile, No.6 Ward, Maungdaw.
Account:
The victim was an ex-village chief. While sleeping with family in his
house, he was waked up because of the clear voice in Myanmar, supposedly
to be the call of borderline immigration monitoring unit, he unlocked
the main door around midnight. Actually, it was a group of 20 Muslims
with long swords and two guns. When his hands were tied on his back, he
took risk and run for life. Although there followed the bullets, he
survived.
Case #15
Occurred: 23rd September, 2009
Victim: U San Myint (Age- 53), Myanmar nationality, Cherry Myaing Village, Maungdaw
Account:
He got asleep aside his video-shed, he was chopped with swords, and
murdered on the spot by 20 Muslims, wearing black uniform.
Case #16
Occurred: 23rd September, 2009
Victim: U Soe Aung (Age- 48), son of U Hla Oo Maung, Cherry Myaing Village, Maungdaw.
Account: Same as case #15.
Case #17
Occurred: 25th September, 2009
Victim: Maung Bo Bo (Age-17), son of U San Myint, Cherry Myaing Village, Maungdaw.
Account: Same as case #15, except he died in Maungdaw General Hospital.
Case #18
Occurred: 13th November, 2009
Victim: U Phyu Maung (Age- 37) and 4 others, Makyeegone village, Maungdaw.
Account:
A group of Muslims holding long swords appeared to U Phyu Maung and
four others' farm and warned not to do farming anymore, if not they will
be killed. They abandoned farming after they were warned three times.
Case #19
Occurred: 12th January, 2010
Victim: Maung Shwe Lone (Age- 18), Wimala Myo-U Village, Maungdaw.
Account:
Pretending as if they were from Borderline Immigration Monitoring Unit,
7 leading Muslims with ten other Muslims knocked to open the door. They
can speak Myanmar language well, and said to check the census. The
victim's brother and mother told to turn their back and pointed with
gun. His mother shouted 'Robber, robber' fir help. She was beaten by
steel rod. At that time one of his brothers, in the bed room, jumped out
of window and ask the villagers for help. When the victim went to his
mother for help, his back was fired by a gun. The villagers arrived and
Muslims depart. The case happened in 1:00 AM, and he was brought to the
hospital in next two hours, and survived.
Case #20
Occurred: 13th May, 1988
Location: Maungdaw Township
Account:
An attempt to perform genocide of Buddhist residents in Maungdaw by
Muslim terrorists. Their plan is to settle 250,000 in Maungdaw if their
conspiracy is successful. They planned to close all the nine main roads
connecting Maungdaw and other places; about 50,000 Muslims hold wands
and long swords. They set fire on monasteries and town guard sheds,
yelling "Go away halalmaut,
your land will be ours." Footpaths were blocked by stones and wooden
pieces. They planned to set fire the houses in crowded areas in
Maungdaw, and then to demolish all Rakhine villages around. Police force
in Maungdaw informed it to the special police battalion in 4th
Mile after they fire guns to frighten Muslims and to clear route.
Because of the bold prevention by polices and Special Forces, the
communal Buddhist people became safe with no big loss. Two of the Muslim
Terrorists were shot, and carried to the other side of borderline. They
made press conference and informed others with wrong data and
propagation.
Case #21
Occurred: 13th May, 1987
Victim: Win Aung (Age- 30), police
Location: Police Staff Housing, Maungdaw.
Account:
The victim was a motor vehicle police, Myanmar nationality,
Taungtwingyi native. At 10:00 PM, while he and his friend went to Myoma
Kanyindan village, where Muslim is majority, ten Muslims including
Sergeant Badul Meah, a Bengali and U Ba Maung, chief of Myoma Kanyindan
Village and a Bengali too, fought him. Win Aung fell, but his Rakhine
friend escaped with wounds. Win Aung was dragged and chopped on a cut
banyan tree till his head cut off. The two main criminal fled into
Bangladesh overnight.
Case #22
Occurred: 12th April, 1987
Victim: Aung Htun Kyaw (Age-20)
Location: Aungbala village, Maungdaw.
Account:
At 10:00PM, four Muslims approached Aung Htun Kyaw where he hunted
frogs for meal behind hospital. Though they suddenly attacked him with
swords, he was careful when they approached. So he was not murdered, but
got a serious injury on his back.
Case #23
Occurred: 24th April, 1994
Victims: Maungdaw community
Account:
Nine bombs were exploded every fifteen minutes during 11:00 PM and 2:30
AM next morning throughout the town. People got worried and lead to
chaos, but Bengali wards were still calm. Muslim underground insurgents
from RSO exploded the bombs to frighten the communal people and to leave
the town.
Case #24
Occurred: 23rd November, 2001
Victim: Sergeant Myint Yi and another four
Account:
Four soldiers led by Sergeant Myint Yi took duty on the evening in
Laungdon Police Guard. At 6:00 PM, they are about to prepare for lunch,
of which the uncooked rice, chicken and a few bottles of alcohol sent by
Bengalis who usually visit the police guard. Dinner was prepared by a
Bengali woman. After ten bottles were drunk up, they sang horribly. At
that time, a group of Muslims entered the place, and tied them all with
ropes. They took all weapons, bullets, and police uniforms there. The
soldiers were unconscious of alcohol. All of their throat were cut and
murdered. Although they made screams, the neighbor thought that was
because they were drunk. The murdered victims were 2 Myanmars and 3
Rakhines. The case was done without shooting a bullet. The woman who
prepared dinner was also murdered.
Case #25
Occurred: 2nd Spetember, 2004
Victim: Yan Aung, Police Sergeant (Age- 30)
Location: Myawadi Police Outpost, Maungdaw Township.
Account:
Police Sergeant Yan Aung from No.2 Police Force, and Hla Myo, a
policeman from Borderline Immigration Monitoring Unit No.2, whose duties
are in Myawadi Police Outpost went to Thetkainghnyar market to fetch
necessary things for their police outpost. Yan Aung brought his presto
gun. He was accused of inappropriate behavior to a cowhand girl, and
challenged by hundred Bengalis. He was stoned, beaten by wands. Hla Myo
escaped. However Yan Aung, injured, was brought to Thetkainghnyar
Mosque, and cut his wrists, outer ears, nose, and genital organ. He died
of hemorrhage, and his gun lost.
Case #26
Occurred: 29th February, 1992
Victim: U Pho Tun Oo, son of U Nyo Maung Yee, (Age- 64)
Location: Farm at northeast of Thittaw Village Monastery, No.6 Ward, Maungdaw Township.
Account:
It took place during the conditions unstable while the farming lands
were occupied from their owners to allocate more battalions in
Butheedaung Township, and exile media incited to bring unrest. The
buffelos, cows and goats, raised by residential Rakhine people in the
outskirt areas were stolen frequently, and robberies too. U Pho Tun Oo's
corpse was found in his mosquito-net, under his blanket at 6:00 AM on 1st
March, 1992. His throat was cut off, and there was a cut on his head.
Another on his shoulder and even the collar bone could be seen. Other
cuts were on his arms. But no blood stains in the bed, so it seemed to
be moved from elsewhere after murdered. The murder case (crime
registration no. 73/92) was opened in 3rd March, 1992. The
suspects, Hussein Ali, Abdul Shukur, and Qala, from No.6 Ward, were
arrested and investigated. Abdul Shukur was released temporarily on 31st March, 1992. On 8th May, 1992, the case was reopened not as murder, but as 486.
On the evening two of the suspects were released, and fled into other
side of the borderline. However, they migrated again in Rakhine State as
refugees.
Case #27
Occurred: 8th July, 1995
Victim: Victim#1 (female) (Age- 23), Victim#2 (female) (Age 33)
Location: Yedwinpyin Village, Maungdaw Township.
Account: The two female, cloth vendors turned back home from their business around 4:30 PM on 8th
July, 1995. They were trapped by a group of Muslims, who brought
swords, knives, and wands at Yeewinpyin village ferry gate. They were
brought to a ravine, robbed their belongings, money, earrings, and
raped. Victim#1 was a single, supporting her old aged parents. Victim#2
was a widow with four children, struggling to earn bread for family.
What happened was reported by the ferry rower to Pyuuma village, and the
villagers followed at 5:30PM. Victim#1's corpse was found blood-soaked,
and cloths stripped. Victim#2 was weeping around, with cloths stripped
too. A few villagers from Pyuuma went to Borderline Immigration
Monitoring Unit (Zeepinchaung Outpost) which located two and a half
miles far. The officers from the unit followed to the place, and
recommended to open case in Kyeinchaung Police Station. They were sent
to Kyeinchaung General Hospital, where victim#2's injuries and cuts were
healed, and rape and murder cases were opened at Kyeinchaung Police
Station six miles far. The suspects were arrested and investigated in
Kyeinchaung Police Station, and transferred to Maungdaw Police Station.
Borderline Immigration Monitoring Unit took actively part in the
investigation. But the suspects answered the criminals were fled into
Bangladesh, and the case was closed. Pyuuma Rakhine village once had
over 40 households. However because of the farming animal thefts by
Muslims, Rakhine communal people faced difficulties in farming. After
1942, there was a couple of significant robberies; one is in 2005, and
another in 2008. Because of those criminal cases, the villages
internally migrated to Maungdaw, and now there are only about ten
household in Pyuuma village.
Butheetaung Township
Case #1
Occurred: 1952
Victim: U Maung Pwint (Age- 50)
Location: Wra Island
Account:
U Maung Pwint was a village re-founding communal chief in Wra Island
village. Since then, Muslims made interferences by any means not to
found the village again. A group of Muslims approached with torches at
night, and burn U Maung Pwint's house, where he trapped and died.
Case #2
Occurred: 1970
Victim: U Mya Tun, son of U Kwin Kyan Aung, (Age- 35)
Location: Zeditaung Village, Butheetaung Township
Account: The victim was a farmer working at his farm between Theintaung and Zeditaung village.
Case #3
Occurred: 1970
Victim: U Kyaw Thaung, son of U Nyo Thee, (Age -65)
Account: He was chopped and murdered by Muslims while watching his rice fields.
Case #4
Occurred: 16th June, 1982
Victim: U Oo Saw, son of U Ngwe Tun Oo, (Age -45)
Location: Kyaukyan village, Butheetaung Township.
Account:
The victim was a chief in village council. While harrowing in his farm
between Myaukyan and Phonnyolake villages, he was murdered by Muslims.
Case #5
Occurred: 1979
Victim: U Maung Tun Aung, son of U Pho Sein Oo, (Age -40)
Location: Nwaryonetaung Village, Butheetaung Township.
Account: At return from his farm at evening, he was murdered by Muslims.
Case #6
Occurred: 2001
Victim: U Maung Kyaw Han, son of U Hla Baw (Age -35)
Location: Nwaryonetaung Village, Butheetaung Township.
Account:
He was attacked by Muslims in Sinthaypyin village, and his corpse,
which was found the next day, was thrown into waterway. The criminals
fled to the other side of borderline.
Case #7
Occurred: 1997
Victim: Daw Mya Khine, daughter of U Hla Tun Kyaw, (Age -45)
Location: Kyarnyopyin Village, Butheetaung Township.
Account:
She was raped and her left breast was cut while she was gathering
vegetables by Muslims in Ngatthe village. She died, and her corpse was
found in waterway near Theintaung.
Case #8
Occurred: 1989
Victim: U Thar Kyaw Aung, son of U Maung Mya Tun, (Age -35), Mg Khin Maung, son of U Thar Kyaw Aung, (Age-17)
Location: Donethein Village, Butheetaung Township.
Account:
The victims, father and son, were attacked by Muslims in Kintaung
village. U Thar Kyaw Aung's head was cut before death. However, head
piece of the son's corpse was never found.
Case #9
Occurred: 1962
Victim: U Tun Hla Aung (Age -65)
Location: Phayonchaung Village, Butheetaung Township.
Account: The victim was attacked and murdered by Muslims while he went out for wood.
Case #10
Occurred: 1979
Victim: U Pho Tun (Age- 55)
Location: Du Kinchaung Village, Butheetaung Township.
Account:
The victim was attacked by Muslims while he was tending his cows. His
leg was cut, and then his head piece. Criminals were arrested and
sentenced.
Case #11
Occurred: 2007
Victim: U Mya Doe Aung (Age- 50)
Location: Arkarpyan Village, Butheetaung Township.
Account: The victim was attacked and beaten till death by Muslims on Taunggyaw street.
Case #12
Occurred: 1993
Victim: Ma Kya Nyo, daughter of U Gaung Kaing, (Age -18)
Location: Latpankaing Village, Butheetaung Township.
Account:
The victim was raped by Muslims. For the passerby villagers called for
help, the criminals fled to other side of borderline.
Case #13
Occurred: 1996
Victim: U Thar Zan Phyu (Age -45)
Location: Thapaittaung Village, Butheetaung Township.
Account:
The victim was tied with rope, and punched by a sharp steel piece till
death by Muslims, who fled into other side of borderline.
Case #14
Occurred: 2006
Victim: U Maung Zan (Age -33)
Location: Khalaroo(Saingtin), Butheetaung Township.
Account: The victim and his nine years old son were murdered in their farm house by Muslims.
Case #15
Occurred: 25th February, 2009
Victim: Ma Hnin Yu (Age- 20) and one female friend
Location: Tharaphi (na-ta-la) Village, Thinganet Village Tract, Butheetaung Township.
Account:
The victims were housewives from Tharaphi village. They sold
vegetables. They went to buy chilly in Nau Hussein's farm. Nau Hussein
and five other Muslims trapped, raped and murdered them. Nau Hussein was
arrested, but five others fled into other side of borderline.
[1] Professor Qanlungo said that 'Rohang' is a word for Rakhine people, used by Bengali Muslims, during AD 8th Centaury and AD 18th
Century. (A History of Chittagone (Vol-1) by Dr. Bhushan Qanlungo,
Published 1988, Page-232) Into that name, Ya was added as a suffix,
tending to mean Rakhine Ethnicity (Rakhine-tha) It
created the delusion that it was their own term and consistent with the
Human Rights . However the reason why Rakhine people objected the term
is that Rohang was simply a name just for Rakhine along the history. It
is important to understand that the term 'Rohang' was stolen from the
ordinary owners, violating UDHR 29.2 delibrately.
[3] Cases recorded in Appendix-D are documented the data at hand, it is not an exclusive record of criminal reports.
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